As one of the creative methods of logo, repetition stops changing repeatedly with a single fundamental form and creates a new and visual impact art way, which provides a broader and richer design space for logo.

　　根本形，就是构成图形的根本单位。一个圆点、一个方块或反复根本形是一条线段等，都能够作为根本形。我们可在一个根本单位内，运用点、线、面停止分割、堆叠、挖切等方式，组成一种有变化的根本形。这种变化的形态较单一的根本形要丰满，容易构成有视觉冲击力的形象。

　　Fundamental form is the basic unit of graphics. A circle, a square or repeated fundamental shape is a line segment, etc., can be used as a fundamental shape. In a fundamental unit, we can use points, lines and surfaces to stop segmentation, stacking, digging and cutting to form a fundamentally changing shape. This kind of change form is fuller than a single fundamental form, and it is easy to form a visual impact image.

　　根本形按一定规律停止组合后就构成了新的图形，这就是反复根本形。反复根本形在构图的过程中，能够依据形象的需求，停止方向上的变化，或是面积上的调整，从而构成一种韵律美。其中既有变化，又有很强的次序感。以图为根本形，按不同方向排列组合得到的反复根本形，产生了一种生动生动、次序井然的新图形。

　　When the fundamental form stops composing according to certain rules, it forms a new figure, which is the repeated fundamental form. In the process of composition, the repeated fundamental form can stop the change of direction or the adjustment of area according to the need of image, thus forming a kind of rhythmic beauty. There are both changes and a strong sense of order. Taking the graph as the fundamental form, the repeated fundamental form obtained by arranging and combining in different directions produces a vivid and orderly new pattern.

　　例如：奥运会的五环标志人人皆知，而这五环也是反复根本形的演绎结果。标志以一个圆环作为根本形，分别向右、向下停止反复，构成上面三个圆环、下面两个圆环的图形，然后依据设计需求对五个圆环停止互相交叉，使它们彼此相连，构成统一的视觉形象，传送了五大洲人民互相交融、互相团结的奥运理念。这个标志在世界各国都留下了深入印象。

　　For example, the five rings of the Olympic Games are well known, and the five rings are the result of repeated fundamental deduction. The logo takes a circle as its basic form and stops repeating to the right and downward, forming the figures of the three circles above and the two circles below. Then, according to the design requirements, the five circles stop crossing each other, making them connected with each other, forming a unified visual image, conveying the Olympic concept of the people of the five continents mingling and uniting with each other. This symbol has left a deep impression on all countries in the world.

　　反复标志的特性：

　　The characteristics of repeated signs:

　　1、力图简：

　　1. Make every effort to sketch:

　　易于辨认是标志设计的一大准绳，这决议了标志设计方式要力图简约的特殊请求。所谓“简”，就是要精练醒目；所谓 “洁”，就是要明晰明了。简约不是简单，简约作为艺术规律是将复杂的意义和多样化的方式组织在一个统一的构造之中，用尽可能少的构造特征把复杂的资料组织成有序的整体，它意味着量的减少，质的增加。

　　Easy identification is a major criterion of logo design, which determines the special requirement of simplicity in logo design. The so-called "simplicity" means to be concise and eye-catching; the so-called "cleanliness" means to be clear. Simplicity is not simple. As an art rule, simplicity organizes complex meanings and diverse ways into a unified structure, and organizes complex data into an orderly whole with as few structural features as possible. It means the reduction of quantity and the increase of quality.

　　如三角形比正方形构造简约，而性质却更为复杂。简约的形象具备很强的视觉冲击力，在人们的头脑中树立一个分明有力、固定统一的印象，易于区分。反复根本形自身是一种根本形态的重复排列，若要取得好的视觉效果，必然要在根本形的设计和排列组合上重复琢磨，以简约的图形取得丰厚的视觉效果。

　　For example, a triangle is simpler than a square in structure, but more complex in nature. Simple images have a strong visual impact. They can create a clear, powerful, fixed and unified impression in people's minds, which is easy to distinguish. Repetitive fundamental form itself is a kind of repetitive arrangement of fundamental form. If we want to achieve a good visual effect, we must repeat the design and arrangement combination of fundamental form to achieve the richest visual effect with the simplest graphics.

　　例如：“三菱”公司的标志让人过目不忘。“三菱”标志以正菱形作为标志的根本形，以菱形中的顶角为中心，按角旋转反复，构成了整体包含在一个大三角形内的图形。它简约明了，易于记忆，人们只需看到这三个菱形的组合，就自然联想到“三菱”公司。

　　For example, the logo of Mitsubishi is unforgettable. The "Mitsubishi" logo takes the regular diamond as the basic shape of the logo, centers on the top angle of the diamond, rotates repeatedly according to the angle, and forms the whole figure contained in a large triangle. It is concise, easy to remember, people only need to see the combination of these three diamonds, naturally associate with "Mitsubishi" company.

　　2、构造紧：

　　2. Structurally tight:

　　标志设计是方寸之间的艺术，请求设计师在停止设计时必需充沛思索标志的综合要素，在构图上重复权衡比拟，删繁就简，防止无规律的组合和排列，招致标志设计的繁琐负担。紧凑的设计能够构成丰满、完好的视觉效果，给人以干练、严谨的印象。以反复根本形设计的标志常常采用简约的根本形，在根本形的排列组合上以一个中心点构成视觉重心，用紧凑的构造来传达标志的形象和内含。

　　Logo design is the art between cubic inches, requesting designers to think about the comprehensive elements of logo when stopping the design, to repeat the weighing and comparison in the composition, to cut down the complexity and simplify, to prevent the irregular combination and arrangement, and to incur the cumbersome burden of logo design. Compact design can form a full and complete visual effect, giving the impression of competence and rigor. The logo designed with repeated fundamental forms often adopts simple fundamental forms. In the arrangement and combination of fundamental forms, a central point constitutes the visual center of gravity, and a compact structure is used to convey the image and connotation of the logo.

　　3、重均衡：

　　3. Rebalancing:

　　对称的方式在机能上能够获得力的均衡，在视觉上使人感到完好无损。在反复标志设计中，突破对称均衡的实例是很多的。反复根本形能够依据力的重心，将其份量加以重新配置和调整，从而到达均衡的效果，这能够用力的均衡来表示。反复根本形在坚持整体均衡的根底上有所变化，比完整对称的方式更富于变化。

　　The symmetrical way can obtain the balance of power in function and make people feel intact visually. In the repeated logo design, there are many examples of breaking through the symmetrical equilibrium. Recurrent fundamental form can reallocate and adjust its weight according to the gravity center of force, so as to achieve the effect of equilibrium, which can be expressed by the balance of force. The fundamental form of repetition has changed on the basis of adhering to the overall equilibrium, which is more changeable than the way of complete symmetry.